Preface -- The Animat Approach to Adaptive Behavior -- 1. Behavior-Based Artificial Intelligence / Pattie Maes -- 2. Environment Structure and Adaptive Behavior from the Ground Up / Peter M. Todd and Stewart W. Wilson -- 3. Evolutionary Wanderlust: Sexual Selection with Directional Mate Preferences / Geoffrey F. Miller and Peter M. Todd -- 4. Designing Efficiently Navigating Non-Goal-Directed Robots / Rolf Pfeifer and Paul F.M.J. Verschure -- Perception and Motor Control -- 5. Anuran Visuomotor Coordination for Detour Behavior: From Retina to Motor Schemas / Michael A. Arbib and Hyun Bang Lee -- 6. Artificial Neural Nets for Controlling a 6-Legged Walking System / Holk Cruise, Uwe Muller-Wilm and Jeffrey Dean -- 7. A Neural Network Based Behavior Hierarchy for Locomotion Control / Sunil Cherian and Wade O. Troxell -- 8. A Qualitative Dynamical Analysis of Evolved Locomotion Controllers / John C. Gallagher and Randall D. Beer -- 9. Neuronal Parameter Maps and Signal Processing / Richard A. Altes -- 10. Representation and Processing of Acoustic Information in a Biomimetic Neural Network / Herbert L. Roitblat, Patrick W.B. Moore, David A. Helweg and Paul E. Nachtigall -- 11. An Integrated Computational Model of a Perceptual-Motor System / William R. Uttal, Thomas Shepherd, Sriram Dayanand and Robb Lovell -- 12. Reactive Behaviors of Fast Mobile Robots in Unstructured Environments: Sensor-based Control and Neural Networks / R. Zapata, P. Lepinay, C. Novales and P. Deplanques -- 13. The Adaptive Nature of 3D Perception / Allen Brookes -- 14. Propulsion and Guidance in a Simulation of the Worm C. Elegans / Ralph Hartley -- 15. A Simple, Cheap, and Robust Visual Navigation System / Ian Horswill -- Action Selection and Behavioral Sequences -- 16. The Use of Hierarchies for Action Selection / Toby Tyrrell -- 17. Two Methods for Hierarchy Learning in Reinforcement Environments / Mark Ring -- 18. Should I Stay or Should I Go: Coordinating Biological Needs with Continuously-updated Assessments of the Environment / Liane M. Gabora -- 19. Extensions of the Associative Control Process (ACP) Network: Hierarchies and Provable Optimality / Leemon C. Baird III and A. Harry Klopf -- 20. Behavior Networks and Force Fields for Simulating Spinal Reflex Behaviors of the Frog / Simon Giszter -- 21. The Ariadne's Clew Algorithm / Emmanuel Mazer, Juan Maneul Ahuactzin, El-Ghazali Talbi and Pierre Bessiere -- 22. Dynamic Selection of Action Sequences / Feliz Ribeiro, Jean-Paul Barthes and Eugeenio Oliveira -- 23. Planning Simple Trajectories Using Neural Subgoal Generators / Jurgen Schmidhuber and Reiner Wahnsiedler -- 24. A Note on Rate-Sensitive Habituation / J.E.R. Staddon -- Cognitive Maps and Internal World Models -- 25. Categorization, Representations, and the Dynamics of System-Environment Interaction: A Case Study in Autonomous Systems / Paul F.M.J. Verschure and Rolf Pfeifer -- 26. A Directional Spreading Activation Network for Mobile Robot Navigation / David Kortenkamp and Eric Chown -- 27. Memorizing and Representing Route Scenes / Saburo Tsuji and Shigang Li -- 28. Building Long-range Cognitive Maps using Local Landmarks / Tony J. Prescott and John E.W. Mayhew -- 29. Dynamics of Spatial Navigation: An Adaptive Neural Network / Nestor A. Schmajuk and H.T. Blair -- Learning -- 30. Modeling Nervous System Function with a Hierarchical Network of Control Systems that Learn / A. Harry Klopf, James S. Morgan and Scott E. Weaver -- 31. An Optimization-based Categorization of Reinforcement Learning Environments / Michael L. Littman -- 32. Reinforcement Learning with Hidden States / Long-Ji Lin and Tom M. Mitchell -- 33. Efficient Learning and Planning within the Dyna Framework / Jing Peng and Ronald J. Williams -- 34. Increasing Behavioural Repertoire in a Mobile Robot / Ulrich Nehmzow, Tim Smithers and Brendand McGonigle -- 35. Learning Biped Robot Obstacle Crossing / Thomas Ulrich Vogel -- 36. Learning to Control an Autonomous Robot by Distributed Genetic Algorithms / Marco Colombetti and Marco Dorigo -- 37. Temporary Memory for Examples Can Speed Learning in a Simple Adaptive System / Lawrence Davis, Stewart Wilson and David Orvosh -- 38. Implementing Inner Drive through Competence Reflection / Alexander Linden and Frank Weber -- 39. Dynamic Flight Control with Adaptive Coarse Coding / Bruce E. Rosen and James M. Goodwin -- 40. Learning via Task Decomposition / Josh Tenenberg, Jonas Karlsson and Steven Whitehead -- Evolution -- 41. Neural Networks with Motivational Units / Federico Cecconi and Domenico Parisi -- 42. Evolutionary Learning of Predatory Behaviors Based on Structured Classifiers / Hitoshi Iba, Hugo de Garis and Tetsuya Higuchi -- 43. Issues in Evolutionary Robotics / Inman Harvey, Philip Husbands and Dave Cliff -- 44. Evolving Visually Guided Robots / Dave Cliff, Philip Husbands and Inman Harvey -- 45. An Evolved, Vision-Based Behavioral Model of Coordinated Group Motion / Craig W. Reynolds -- 46. Evolution of Herding Behavior in Artificial Animals / Gregory M. Werner and Michael G. Dyer -- 47. An Evolutionary Approach to Cognition / Dwight Deugo and Franz Oppacher -- 48. Emergence of Nest-Based Foraging Strategies in Ecosystems of Neural Networks / Dario Floreano -- 49. Evolving Hardware with Genetic Learning: A First Step Towards Building a Darwin Machine / Tetsuya Higuchi, Tatsuya Niwa, Tosho Tanaka, Hitoshi Iba, Hugo de Garis and Tatsumi Furuya -- 50. Evolving Artificial Insect Brains for Artificial Compound Eye Robotics / Luis R. Lopez and Robert E. Smith -- Collective Behavior -- 51. Designing Emergent Behaviors: From Local Interactions to Collective Intelligence / Maja J. Mataric -- 52. Adaptive Action Selection for Cooperative Agent Teams / Lynne E. Parker -- 53. From Tom Thumb to the Dockers: Some Experiments with Foraging Robots / Alexis Drogoul and Jacques Ferber -- 54. Collective Robotic Intelligence / C. Ronald Kube and Hong Zhang -- 55. Collective Choice of Strategic Type / Chisato Numaoka and Akikazu Takeuchi -- 56. An Adaptive Communication Protocol for Cooperating Mobile Robots / Holy Yanco and Lynn Andrea Stein -- 57. Dimensions of Communication and Social Organization in Multi-agent Robotic Systems / Ronald C. Arkin and J. David Hobbs -- 58. Evolution of Trading Strategies Among Heterogeneous Artificial Economic Agents / Andrea Beltratti and Sergio Margarita -- 59. Action Selection and Learning in Multi-Agent Environments / Gerhard Weiss -- One-Page Summaries -- 60. Structure from Associative Learning / John H. Andreae, Shuan W. Ryan and Mark L. Tomlinson -- 61. The Roots of Motivation / Christian Balkenius -- 62. Learning Continuous-Space Navigation Heuristics in Real Time / Gregory D. Benson and Armand Prieditis -- 63. The Adaptive Power of Affect: Learning in the SESAME Architecture / Eric Chown -- 64. Model of a Behaviour Based Control Architecture / Luis Correia and A. Steiger-Garcao -- 65. Comparing Robot and Animal Behavior / Bridget Hallam and Gillian Hayes -- 66. An Embodied Neurally-based Algorithm for Optimal Action Selection / Owen Holland and Martin Smith -- 67. Why Should We Build Artificial Worms and How? / Oded Maler -- 68. Creative Perception / M.A. Rodrigues and M.H. Lee -- 69. Collective Behavior of Silicon Microrobots / Isao Shimoyama, Toshio Watanabe, Yoshihiko Kuwana and Hirofumi Miura -- 70. An Analog VLSI Model of Central Pattern Generation in the Medicinal Leech / Micah S. Siegel -- Author Index.